With World Cup 2006 in Germany less than a year away I thought I'd present something else about German football in addition to the great interview Markus Klöschen did recently. Brian A. O'Driscoll writes a very informative piece about the history of the Bundesliga. Originally printed at Goal.com, he was kind enough to allow me to reprint it here.The
German Bundesliga is the world’s best supported domestic league championship with a rich tradition and dramatic past.
The Early DaysFormed in 1963 to usher in a new era of professionalism in the
German game, it is the most important football league in continental northern
Europe, with a sphere of influence stretching from
Denmark in the north to
Russia in the east via the
Balkans, the central
European states, and near neighbours
Austria and
Switzerland.
Until its formation, football in
Germany was regionally-based, with a knockout tournament held each season between the regional champions to determine the federal masters.
Köln, defeated in the federal play-off final of 1963, became the first
Bundesliga champions in 1964 and boasted players of the calibre of
Wolfgang Overath. They would win the title again in 1978, but have experienced a yo-yo existence since the great days of
Pierre Littbarski,
Klaus Allofs, and
Harald Schumacher, though have just returned to the top flight once more with young sensation
Lukas Podolski.
The 1960s saw numerous different winners including
1860 Munich,
Eintracht Braunschweig, and
Nürnburg, the latter returning to the top table last year after a difficult period in the 1990s. The most notable champion in that decade, however, was a small club from Bavaria propelled to the top by perhaps the richest seam of young talent ever unearthed.
Bayern Munich won their first
Bundesliga title in 1969 with youngsters
Franz Beckenbauer,
Gerd Müller, and
Sepp Maier making a name for themselves in domestic football for the first time.
The Golden YearsThe 1970s heralded a golden age in
German football, though a bribery scandal darkened the early seasons of the new decade. The national team was dominant in the international arena, and
Udo Lattek’s Bayern were continental masters three years in succession. Domestically,
Bayern were engaged in an absorbing rivalry with
Borussia Mönchengladbach, a club that also made its mark on the
European stage with players like
Günter Netzer,
Jupp Heynckes, and
Berti Vogts. While
Gladbach won the first title of the ’70s,
Bayern took over with three titles on the bounce. However,
Gladbach emulated the feat by 1977 as a fierce rivalry simmered. With
Beckenbauer and
Müller finishing their dazzling careers,
Bayern turned to former star
Paul Breitner and the young
Karl-Heinz Rummenigge to restore pre-eminence. However, one club would prove a constant thorn in the side of the brilliant "
Breitnigge" duo.
Ernst Happel’s Hamburger SV, the giants of the north, emerged to take the 1978 championship and lured European Footballer of the Year
Kevin Keegan to the
Bundesliga in a demonstration of league supremacy. Nevertheless,
Bayern now posssessed the world’s greatest striker in the maturing
Rummenigge, and successive titles followed for the
Bavarians along with two
European Footballer of the Year awards for the super-dribbler. Yet,
HSV would not be outdone, and the team of
Felix Magath,
Manfred Kaltz, and
Horst Hrubesch took two more titles of their own along with the
European Cup itself in the early 1980s, adding a glorious chapter in the club's history to that of
Uwe Seeler's days in the 1960s.
Legionnaires AbroadThe high water-mark had been reached for the
Bundesliga, but attendances continued to rise throughout the 1980s.
Bayern’s dominance of the
German game continued with
Lothar Matthäus moving from
Mönchengladbach to cushion the blow of the
Rummenigge departure to
Italy, a journey that many top
German players would make over the coming decade.
Stuttgart and
Werder Bremen emerged to rival the
Bavarians as
Hamburg faded from prominence.
Bremen sensationally missed a late penalty against
Bayern in the last match of the 1985/1986 season and lost the title, the width of a post costing
Otto Rehhagel his first crown. However, "
King Otto" would eventually triumph with
Rudi Völler up front in 1988. That same season, national team goalkeeper,
Harald "Toni" Schumacher, published his sensational expose of
German football,
Anpfiff. Containing allegations of general debauchery and drug-taking, the book rather unfairly cost
Schumacher the captaincy of club and country, and his career.
UnificationThe fall of the
Berlin wall in 1989 led to the first unified
German championship since the War. However, Eastern sides have fared badly in the new order, and
Dynamo Berlin,
Carl Zeiss Jena,
Lokomotiv Leipzig, and
Dynamo Dresden have all dropped into lower divisions or even regional football, sometimes under new names. Last season, only
Hansa Rostock represented the old
GDR in the top flight, and sadly lost that honour after a depressing season ended in relegation.
A pattern of
Bayern dominance interspersed with rare pickings for occassional challengers was now developing in the
German game.
Kaiserslautern had their moment in 1991, and
Christoph Daum’s Stuttgart in 1992.
Bremen won a third title in ’93, and for once it seemed as if the balance of power had finally shifted away from
Bavaria.
Ottmar Hitzfeld’s Borussia Dortmund became the most serious challenger to
Bayern hegemony in 15 years when they took two titles and a
European Cup in the mid 1990s, but
Bayern remained the standard, with further championships in 1994 and 1997.
Kaiserslautern pulled off the rare feat of winning the 2.
Bundesliga and 1.
Bundesliga in successive seasons under
Rehhagel in 1998.
Leverkusen,
UEFA Cup winners in 1988, fueled by the huge backing of pharmaceutical giants
Bayer, became major players and threatened to take the big domestic prize on a number of occassions, but agonisingly failed each time.
So Close...
Hitzfeld moved from the
Westfalenstadion to
Munich to safeguard
Bayern’s supremacy, and two
European Cup finals were contested with mixed fortunes. Three
Bavarian Bundesliga crowns told of last-day heartbreak for
Leverkusen and
Schalke 04, before
Dortmund reasserted themselves under
Matthias Sammer to clinch the 2002 title. Though
Bayern won in 2003 by a record margin,
Werder Bremen arrived out of the pack to dominate the following season, as the
Bundesliga continued to lead the
European attendance tables as the best supported championship. The
Weser hedgemony was short-lived however, with
Bayern re-establishing themselves as
German champions once again last season, winning at a canter after Schalke 04 threatened a maiden title. That's been the story of the German game in recent times. So many clubs remain competitive, and many get so close to glory, only for
Bayern to appear like a spectre and hoover up the titles.
The
Bavarians start the 2005/2006 championship as clear favourites again, but some interesting summer business adds to the fascination of the pre-
World Cup domestic campaign.
Bremen have re-signed
Torsten Frings and let
Valerien Ismael plug the gap left by
Robert Kovac in the champions' defence.
Schalke have signed
German international
Kevin Kuranyi from
Stuttgart and will sport former
Bremen ball-winner
Fabian Ernst in their revamped midfield.
Hamburger SV audaciously captured
Dutch talent
Rafael van der Vaart in a bid to bridge the gap to the top table of championship contention, while
Stuttgart welcomed back legendary coach
Giovanni Trapattoni to
German football after a six year break. Add to that the return of superstar-in-the-making
Lukas Podolski and you've got plenty to look forward to over the next nine months.
© Copyright 2005, Brian A. O'Driscoll, BerlinLabels: Greatest Goals Ever Series